Ophirite, Ca2Mg4[Zn2Mn3+2(H2O)2(Fe3+W9O34)2]•46H2O,
a new mineral with a heteropolytungstate tri-lacunary Keggin anion.


Kampf AR,
Mineral Science Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
900 Expositoin Boulevard, Los Angelels, California 90007, USA

Hughes JM
Department of Geology,
University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A.

Wright SE
Department of Statistics
Miami University, Oxford, OH  45056, USA

Nash BP
Department of Geology and Geophysics
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA

Rossman GR
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology,
Pasadena, California 91125-2500, USA

Marty J
5199 E. Silver Oak Rd.
Salt Lake City, UT 84108, U.S.A.

Abstract

Ophirite, Ca2Mg4[Zn2Mn3+2(H2O)2(Fe3+W9O34)2]•46H2O, is a new mineral species from the Ophir Hill Consolidated mine, Ophir District, Oquirrh Mountains, Tooele County, Utah, U.S.A. Crystals of ophirite are orange-brown tablets on {001} with irregular {100} and {110} bounding forms; individual crystals are up to about 1 mm in maximum dimension and possess a pale orange streak. The mineral is transparent, with a vitreous luster; it does not fluoresce in short- or long-wave ultraviolet radiation. Ophirite has a Mohs hardness of approximately 2 and brittle tenacity. No cleavage or parting was observed in the mineral. The fracture is irregular. The density calculated from the empirical formula using the single-crystal cell data is 4.060 g•cm-3. Ophirite is biaxial (+) with a 2V angle of 43(2)º. Indices of refraction for ophirite are α 1.730(3), β 1.735(3), γ 1.770(3). The optic orientation (incompletely determined) is Y ^ b ≈ 9° and one optic axis is approximately perpendicular to {001}.  Dispersion r > v, strong; pleochroism is X = light orange brown, Y = light orange brown, Z = orange brown; X < Y << Z. Chemical analyses of ophirite were obtained by electron probe microanalysis; optimization of that analysis using the results of the crystal structure analysis yielded the formula
(Ca1.46Mg0.50Zn0.04)Σ2.00 (Mg3.96Mn3+0.04) Σ4.00 [(Zn1.16Fe3+0.68Ca0.14Sb5+0.02)Σ2.00 (Mn3+1.42Sb5+0.32Fe3+0.24W0.02)Σ2.00 [(H2O)2((Fe3+0.80Sb5+0.11Ca0.07Mg0.02)Σ1.00(W8.71Mn3+0.29) Σ1.00)2]]•46H2O; the simplified formula of ophirite is Ca2Mg4[Zn2Mn3+2(H2O)2(Fe3+W9O34)2]•46H2O. Ophirite is triclinic, P , with a 11.9860(2), b 13.2073(2), c 17.689(1) Å, α 69.690(5),  β 85.364(6), γ 64.875(5)° , V 4647.2(4) Å3, and Z = 1. The strongest four lines in the diffraction pattern are [d in Å(I)(hkl)]: 10.169(100)(100,110), 11.33(91)(011,010), 2.992(75)(334,341,    5), and 2.760(55)(412,006  3 5). The atomic arrangement of ophirite was solved and refined to R1 = 0.0298 for 9,230 independent reflections. The structural unit, ideally {[6]Zn2[6]Mn3+2(H2O)2([4]Fe3+[6]W6+9O34)2}12-, consists of a [Zn2Mn3+2(H2O)2] octahedral layer sandwiched between opposing heteropolytungstate tri-lacunary ([4]Fe3+[6]W6+9O34) Keggin anions.  Similar structures with an octahedral layer between two tri-lacunary Keggin anions are known in synthetic phases. Charge balance in the ophirite structure is maintained by the {[Mg(H2O)6]4[Ca(H2O)6]2•10H2O}12+ interstitial unit. The interstitial unit in the structure of ophirite is formed of two distinct Mg(H2O)6 octahedra and a Ca(H2O)6O1 polyhedron, as well as five isolated water molecules. The linkage between the structural unit and the interstitial unit results principally from hydrogen bonding between oxygen atoms of the structural unit with hydrogen atoms of the interstitial unit. Ophirite is the first known mineral to contain a lacunary defect derivative of the Keggin anion, a heteropolyanion that is well-known in synthetic phases. The new mineral is named ophirite to recognize its discovery at the Ophir Hill Consolidated mine, Ophir District, Oquirrh Mountains, Tooele County, Utah, U.S.A.



Ophirite

Plate of ophirite


Raman Spectrum Data

  Last updated 17-Dec-2013